New York, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika– habaye igikorwa cyateye impaka hirya no hino ku isi, aho kuri uyu wa Gatatu, Umuryango w’Abibumbye (ONU) watoreye Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) kuba umunyamuryango w’Akanama ka Loni k’Uburenganzira bwa Muntu. Iki gikorwa cyatunguye benshi babyibazo cyane, bitewe n’uko iki gihugu kimaze imyaka myinshi gikunze kwibasirwa n’ibirego bikomeye bijyanye n’ubwicanyi, ihohoterwa ry’abaturage, no kudaha agaciro uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu, cyane cyane mu burasirazuba bwacyo.
RDC yatorewe uyu mwanya ku amajwi 172 mu bihugu 190 byatoye muri aya matora yabereye ku cyicaro gikuru cya ONU i New York. Iki gihugu cyinjiye muri kariya kanama gashinzwe uburenganzira bwa muntu mu gihe cya manda ya 2025-2027, ndetse kinjiranye muri uyu muryango n’ibindi bihugu birimo Bénin, Bolivie, Colombie, Chypre, Repubulika ya Tchèque, Éthiopie, Gambie, Islande, Kenya, Mexique, Koreya y’Epfo, Espagne, n’u Busuwisi.
Ni ibihe bibazo bya Dipolomasi LONI yirengagije?
Kuba RDC, igihugu cyamenyekanye cyane kubera ubwicanyi ndengakamere, kwica abaturage bacyo no kubahohotera, yatorewe kuba umunyamuryango w’akanama k’uburenganzira bwa muntu, byatumye abantu benshi bibaza ku mikorere y’inzego z’ubuyobozi mpuzamahanga nka ONU. Mu gihe abaturage b’ibice byinshi bya Congo, cyane cyane mu burasirazuba, bakomeje kwicwa, guhunga igihugu no guhohoterwa mu buryo budasanzwe, hari kwibazwa uburyo igihugu kitegeze na rimwe gikurikiza amahame y’uburenganzira bwa muntu cyahawe izi nshingano.
Amatora nk’aya akunze gutera impaka mu rwego mpuzamahanga, bitewe n’uko ibihugu bijyamo hatitawe ku kuntu uburenganzira bwa muntu bwubahirizwa mu gihugu, ahubwo hagashingirwa ku nyungu za dipolomasi, ubufatanye bw’ibihugu, rimwe na rimwe bakavuga ko bashaka guha ibihugu bitameze neza amahirwe yo guhinduka.
Icyuho mu Mikorere ya ONU?
Akanama k’Uburenganzira bwa Muntu ka ONU kagomba kuba isoko y’icyizere ku baturage bose ku isi, kagamije gushimangira kurengera no guteza imbere uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Ariko, kwinjiza RDC muri aka kanama bifite icyuho gikomeye mu kuba abanyarwanda, abanyecongo ndetse n’abandi baturiye akarere bafite impungenge z’ukuntu igihugu gifite isura mbi mu kubahiriza uburenganzira bwa muntu cyahawe inshingano zo kurengera uburenganzira bw’abandi.
Birababaje! Ese ubutabera buzava he koko?
Muri Congo, abaturage b’uduce two mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu, ahakunze kugaragara imirwano y’imitwe yitwaje intwaro, bamaze imyaka myinshi bahura n’ubwicanyi, gufatwa ku ngufu no kunyagwa imitungo yabo. Ihohoterwa rikorwa n’ingabo za leta ndetse n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro bikomeje gufata intera, mu gihe imiryango mpuzamahanga nka Human Rights Watch ikomeza gutunga agatoki leta ya Congo kuba idashyira imbere uburenganzira bw’abaturage bayo.
Ikibabaje kurushaho ni uko abahunze ihohoterwa barenga miliyoni imwe bakomeje gucumbika mu nkambi hirya no hino muri Afurika, cyane cyane mu bihugu nka Uganda na Rwanda ndetse na Kenya, aho bakomeje guhangana n’ubuzima bugoye, mu gihe nyamara igihugu cyabo cyatorewe inshingano zo kurengera abandi ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Dipolomasi yirengagiza ukuri kandi kugaragarira amaso?
Amatora ya ONU yo kwinjiza RDC mu kanama k’uburenganzira bwa muntu agaragaza uburyo inyungu za politiki zishobora kuza imbere y’ uburenganzira bwa muntu. Ibihugu byinshi bitora bitewe n’inyungu bifite mu mibanire n’ibindi bihugu, kurusha kureba ibikorwa by’ukuri by’igihugu gifite izo nshingano. Kuba RDC yahawe amajwi 172 mu bihugu 190 bishobora kwerekana ko ibihugu bifite inyungu mu gufasha iki gihugu mu bya dipolomasi cyangwa bimwe bidashaka kwiteranya nacyo bitewe n’izindi nyungu bigamije.
Haribazwa icyerekezo cya ONU: Impamvu yo Gukemangwa
Iki gikorwa cy’Umuryango w’Abibumbye gishyira mu majwi imikorere ya ONU mu birebana n’uburenganzira bwa muntu. Abakurikiranira hafi ibibazo by’akarere n’uburenganzira bwa muntu babona ko iki gikorwa ari ikimenyetso cy’ubuhumyi n’icyuho mu miyoborere ya ONU, ndetse bigasiga ikibazo gikomeye mu mitima y’abaturage bagihura n’ihohoterwa rya leta yabo.
Abaturage baturuka muri RDC, cyane cyane abari mu buhungiro, bazakomeza kwibaza niba hari impinduka iyi manda izazana mu gihugu cyabo, cyangwa niba iki ari ikindi gikorwa cya dipolomasi kitagira aho gihuriye n’ukuri kwabo.
Igisubizo n’icyifuzo cy’Abatuye Akarere
Mu gihe RDC izaba isabwa kugira uruhare mu kurengera uburenganzira bwa muntu ku isi, abaturage bo mu burasirazuba bw’iki gihugu n’abarenga miliyoni bakiri mu buhungiro biteze kubona impinduka. Abenshi barasaba imiryango mpuzamahanga kongera imbaraga mu gushyiraho uburyo bunoze bwo gukurikirana ibikorwa by’uburenganzira bwa muntu muri Congo, aho kurebera gusa.
Ubutabera nyabwo no gukurikiza amahame mpuzamahanga y’uburenganzira bwa muntu ni ibyo abaturage bifuza, mu gihe kiri imbere, aho ibyemezo bya dipolomasi bizahuzwa n’ibikorwa bihesha icyizere ku isi yose.
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